Eijkhout V. The Art of High Performance Computing Vol 3. 2017–2022

Textbook in PDF format

Programming in science and engineering is overwhelmingly done in C/C++ and Fortran. This book teaches you modern C++17 (which is really to be preferred over C these days) and Fortran2008.
You can read this as a from-zero introduction to scientific programming, or as a “C++ for C programmers”. There are various longer programming projects